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Country profile

Mongolia

MN · MNG · East Asia & Pacific

A consolidated migration profile for Mongolia: who arrives, who leaves, how many people are hosted or displaced, and the national context behind those numbers. Every figure below is a reported value from an official source — nothing is estimated or filled in.

CapitalUlaanbaatar
RegionEast Asia & Pacific
SubregionEast Asia & Pacific (excluding high income)
Population3,568,978
Refugees hosted 11 People protected here
Refugees from here — Fled abroad
Migrants living here 22,589 Foreign-born stock
Net migration 79 Net inflow
Asylum-seekers 15 Awaiting a decision
Reporting year 2025 Most recent data
Latest figures · 2025

Key migration numbers

The headline counts for the most recent reporting year. Refugees hosted are people this country protects; asylum-seekers are still awaiting a decision; applications are new asylum claims lodged during the year.

2025Reporting year
11Refugees hosted
15Asylum-seekers
No data available
Applications (year)
Migration balance

Incoming vs outgoing

Annual estimates

Net migration is arrivals minus departures over the year. Positive means more people moved in than out. Migrant stock is the total foreign-born people living here now.

Net migration (year)79Net inflow
Migrants living here22,589Migrant stock
Missing / dead migrants
No data available
IOM Missing Migrants Project
Historical series

Statistics

Recorded migrant, refugee and asylum populations over time. Each line is one category; gaps mean a year the source did not report a figure (the line bridges the gap rather than dropping to zero).

Population profile

Sex, age, religion & more

How the population breaks down across reported dimensions, grouped by the year each figure was reported (most recent first). Bars show each group’s share of the total; where only headcounts were published, the raw number is shown instead.

Religion

Religious make-up over time

National shares

Share of the population by faith across the recorded years. Each line is a stored national value; nothing is estimated.

0% 25% 50% 75% 100% 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2020
Christian Muslim Jewish Unaffiliated Other

See the full religion timeline for this country →

Places of worship

Places of worship over time

Recorded counts

No places-of-worship counts are recorded for this country yet. See the Places of worship page for the full picture.

See the full places-of-worship timeline for this country → · browse individual places →

Displaced population by age cohort for the most recent reported year. Age is summed across sexes in the source data, so this is a single series per cohort — not a male/female split.

Displaced population by sex over the reported years, stacked so the top line reads as the total.

Sex

Female 7.6%
Male 16.0%
Unknown 76.4%

Age

12-17 3.8%
18-59 16.0%
5-11 3.8%
Country context

National indicators

Economy

GDP (current US$)25,369,107,325.46 USD2025
GDP per capita (current US$)7,108.23 USD2025
Unemployment (% of labour force)5.23 %2025
Personal remittances received (US$)527,686,176.93 USD2024
Personal remittances received (% of GDP)2.22 %2024

Population

Population, total3,568,978.00 people2025
Population density2.23 people/km22023

Migration

Net migration79.00 people2025
International migrant stock, total22,589.00 people2024
International migrant stock (% of population)0.60 %2024

Asylum decisions

Asylum decisions - recognised5.00 people2024
Asylum decisions - rejected5.00 people2016
Asylum decisions - otherwise closed5.00 people2014
Asylum decisions - total5.00 people2024

Other

Life expectancy at birth, total (years)72.40 years2024
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group)93.48 %2024
Current health expenditure (% of GDP)6.07 %2023
Gini index31.40 2022
Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (% of population)0.40 %2022
Context

Migration & quality of life

These charts place migration next to quality-of-life indicators over time. Correlation is not causation — a relationship here does not prove migration caused the change, or that a change caused the migration.

Economy

Gross domestic product

World Bank

GDP (current US$)

$25.37B

Reported 2025

GDP per capita (current US$)

$7,108

Reported 2025

Migrant stock as a share of the population (left axis, in percent) shown against life expectancy (right axis, in years) over the years.

Each point is one year: migrant share of population (x, in percent) versus life expectancy (y, in years).

Public safety

Recorded crime

Not migrant offending

National crime figures for context only — they describe the whole resident population and are not a measure of migrant offending.

Recorded crime by type
rate / 100k where available
CrimeRate / 100k
1.80
Homicide5.92
Public expenditure

Expenses

Migration-related public spending only — Official Development Assistance received and provided (which, for donor countries, includes in-donor refugee costs), in US dollars, stacked so the top line reads as the combined total for each year.

YearAmount (USD)Category
2023$260,169,830ODA received
2022$285,571,808ODA received
2021$283,391,296ODA received
2020$703,438,782ODA received
2019$311,184,387ODA received
2018$333,605,774ODA received
2017$765,590,637ODA received
2016$325,665,527ODA received
2015$236,339,996ODA received
2014$316,907,013ODA received
2013$430,519,897ODA received
2012$446,533,447ODA received
2011$337,446,503ODA received
2010$255,789,993ODA received
2009$306,761,841ODA received
2008$230,630,066ODA received
2007$212,086,365ODA received
2006$182,400,665ODA received
2005$195,195,999ODA received
2004$219,485,992ODA received
2003$213,568,298ODA received
2002$183,559,631ODA received
2001$183,300,613ODA received
2000$185,569,336ODA received
1999$176,563,873ODA received
1998$171,790,848ODA received
1997$183,550,858ODA received
1996$165,179,993ODA received
1995$153,179,993ODA received
1994$156,350,006ODA received
1993$106,870,003ODA received
1992$100,800,003ODA received
1991$69,559,998ODA received
1990$13,050,000ODA received
1989$6,090,000ODA received
1988$3,830,000ODA received
1987$4,680,000ODA received
1986$6,520,000ODA received
1985$5,170,000ODA received
1984$2,120,000ODA received
1983$2,000,000ODA received
1982$2,400,000ODA received
1981$2,400,000ODA received
1980$2,400,000ODA received
1979$3,400,000ODA received
1978$3,400,000ODA received
1977$3,400,000ODA received
1976$3,400,000ODA received
Sources & notes

Figures are consolidated from the UNHCR Refugee Data Finder and the World Bank / UNODC. Only reported values are shown — blanks mean a source did not publish a figure, never a fabricated estimate. Statistics describe recorded populations and movements and should not be read as causal relationships.