A consolidated migration profile for Mongolia:
who arrives, who leaves, how many people are hosted or displaced, and the national context behind those numbers.
Every figure below is a reported value from an official source — nothing is estimated or filled in.
CapitalUlaanbaatar
RegionEast Asia & Pacific
SubregionEast Asia & Pacific (excluding high income)
Population3,568,978
Refugees hosted11People protected here
Refugees from here—Fled abroad
Migrants living here22,589Foreign-born stock
Net migration79Net inflow
Asylum-seekers15Awaiting a decision
Reporting year2025Most recent data
Latest figures · 2025
Key migration numbers
The headline counts for the most recent reporting year. Refugees hosted are people this country protects; asylum-seekers are still awaiting a decision; applications are new asylum claims lodged during the year.
2025Reporting year
11Refugees hosted
15Asylum-seekers
No data available
Applications (year)
Migration balance
Incoming vs outgoing
Annual estimates
Net migration is arrivals minus departures over the year. Positive means more people moved in than out. Migrant stock is the total foreign-born people living here now.
Net migration (year)79Net inflow
Migrants living here22,589Migrant stock
Missing / dead migrants
No data available
IOM Missing Migrants Project
Historical series
Statistics
Recorded migrant, refugee and asylum populations over time. Each line is one category; gaps mean a year the source did not report a figure (the line bridges the gap rather than dropping to zero).
Population profile
Sex, age, religion & more
How the population breaks down across reported dimensions, grouped by the year each figure was reported (most recent first). Bars show each group’s share of the total; where only headcounts were published, the raw number is shown instead.
Religion
Religious make-up over time
National shares
Share of the population by faith across the recorded years. Each line is a stored national value; nothing is estimated.
Displaced population by age cohort for the most recent reported year. Age is summed across sexes in the source data, so this is a single series per cohort — not a male/female split.
Displaced population by sex over the reported years, stacked so the top line reads as the total.
Sex
Female7.6%
Male16.0%
Unknown76.4%
Age
12-173.8%
18-5916.0%
5-113.8%
Sex
Female27.3%
Male60.0%
Unknown12.7%
Age
12-179.1%
18-5938.2%
5-119.1%
Sex
Female31.3%
Male68.8%
Age
12-1715.6%
18-5931.3%
Sex
Female33.3%
Male66.7%
Age
18-5948.5%
Sex
Female37.0%
Male63.0%
Age
18-5937.0%
Sex
Female44.4%
Male55.6%
Age
18-59100.0%
Sex
Female31.3%
Male68.8%
Age
12-1715.6%
18-5931.3%
Sex
Female37.0%
Male63.0%
Age
18-5918.5%
5-1118.5%
Sex
Female31.3%
Male68.8%
Age
18-5931.3%
5-1115.6%
Sex
Female20.8%
Male20.8%
Unknown58.4%
Age
18-5941.7%
Sex
Female0.0%
Male72.7%
Unknown27.3%
Age
0-422.7%
18-5950.0%
Sex
Female0.0%
Male38.5%
Unknown61.5%
Age
0-419.2%
18-5919.2%
Sex
Female17.2%
Male82.8%
Age
0-417.2%
18-5982.8%
Sex
Female0.0%
Male6.8%
Unknown93.2%
Age
18-596.8%
Sex
Female0.0%
Male1.7%
Unknown98.3%
Age
18-591.7%
Sex
Female5.5%
Male9.9%
Unknown84.6%
Age
18-5913.6%
60+1.8%
Sex
Female50.3%
Male49.7%
Age
0-42.6%
12-1714.8%
18-5969.3%
5-119.6%
60+3.6%
Sex
Female1.4%
Male1.6%
Unknown97.0%
Age
18-593.0%
Sex
Female0.0%
Male11.8%
Unknown88.2%
Age
18-5911.8%
Sex
Female0.0%
Male0.9%
Unknown99.1%
Age
18-590.9%
Country context
National indicators
Economy
GDP (current US$)25,369,107,325.46 USD2025GDP per capita (current US$)7,108.23 USD2025Unemployment (% of labour force)5.23 %2025Personal remittances received (US$)527,686,176.93 USD2024Personal remittances received (% of GDP)2.22 %2024
Life expectancy at birth, total (years)72.40 years2024Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group)93.48 %2024Current health expenditure (% of GDP)6.07 %2023Gini index31.40 2022Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (% of population)0.40 %2022
Context
Migration & quality of life
These charts place migration next to quality-of-life indicators over time. Correlation is not causation — a relationship here does not prove migration caused the change, or that a change caused the migration.
Economy
Gross domestic product
World Bank
GDP (current US$)
$25.37B
Reported 2025
GDP per capita (current US$)
$7,108
Reported 2025
Migrant stock as a share of the population (left axis, in percent) shown against life expectancy (right axis, in years) over the years.
Each point is one year: migrant share of population (x, in percent) versus life expectancy (y, in years).
Public safety
Recorded crime
Not migrant offending
National crime figures for context only — they describe the whole resident population and are not a measure of migrant offending.
Recorded crime by type
rate / 100k where available
Crime
Rate / 100k
1.80
Homicide
5.92
Crime
Rate / 100k
2.77
Homicide
5.97
Crime
Rate / 100k
2.57
Homicide
6.17
Crime
Rate / 100k
2.43
Homicide
6.23
Crime
Rate / 100k
2.47
Homicide
6.34
Crime
Rate / 100k
2.83
Homicide
6.19
Crime
Rate / 100k
2.88
Homicide
6.15
Crime
Rate / 100k
2.55
Homicide
6.05
Crime
Rate / 100k
3.40
Homicide
7.19
Crime
Rate / 100k
3.67
Homicide
7.31
Crime
Rate / 100k
4.03
Homicide
7.29
Crime
Rate / 100k
4.04
Homicide
7.12
Crime
Rate / 100k
4.33
Homicide
9.69
Crime
Rate / 100k
4.92
Homicide
8.85
Crime
Rate / 100k
4.39
Homicide
8.22
Crime
Rate / 100k
3.68
Homicide
8.05
Crime
Rate / 100k
5.04
Homicide
11.31
Crime
Rate / 100k
Homicide
13.00
Crime
Rate / 100k
Homicide
15.53
Crime
Rate / 100k
Homicide
13.10
Crime
Rate / 100k
Homicide
13.60
Public expenditure
Expenses
Migration-related public spending only — Official Development Assistance received and provided (which, for donor countries, includes in-donor refugee costs), in US dollars, stacked so the top line reads as the combined total for each year.
Year
Amount (USD)
Category
2023
$260,169,830
ODA received
2022
$285,571,808
ODA received
2021
$283,391,296
ODA received
2020
$703,438,782
ODA received
2019
$311,184,387
ODA received
2018
$333,605,774
ODA received
2017
$765,590,637
ODA received
2016
$325,665,527
ODA received
2015
$236,339,996
ODA received
2014
$316,907,013
ODA received
2013
$430,519,897
ODA received
2012
$446,533,447
ODA received
2011
$337,446,503
ODA received
2010
$255,789,993
ODA received
2009
$306,761,841
ODA received
2008
$230,630,066
ODA received
2007
$212,086,365
ODA received
2006
$182,400,665
ODA received
2005
$195,195,999
ODA received
2004
$219,485,992
ODA received
2003
$213,568,298
ODA received
2002
$183,559,631
ODA received
2001
$183,300,613
ODA received
2000
$185,569,336
ODA received
1999
$176,563,873
ODA received
1998
$171,790,848
ODA received
1997
$183,550,858
ODA received
1996
$165,179,993
ODA received
1995
$153,179,993
ODA received
1994
$156,350,006
ODA received
1993
$106,870,003
ODA received
1992
$100,800,003
ODA received
1991
$69,559,998
ODA received
1990
$13,050,000
ODA received
1989
$6,090,000
ODA received
1988
$3,830,000
ODA received
1987
$4,680,000
ODA received
1986
$6,520,000
ODA received
1985
$5,170,000
ODA received
1984
$2,120,000
ODA received
1983
$2,000,000
ODA received
1982
$2,400,000
ODA received
1981
$2,400,000
ODA received
1980
$2,400,000
ODA received
1979
$3,400,000
ODA received
1978
$3,400,000
ODA received
1977
$3,400,000
ODA received
1976
$3,400,000
ODA received
Sources & notes
Figures are consolidated from the UNHCR Refugee Data Finder and the World Bank / UNODC. Only reported values are shown — blanks mean a source did not publish a figure, never a fabricated estimate. Statistics describe recorded populations and movements and should not be read as causal relationships.