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Country profile

Thailand

TH · THA · East Asia & Pacific

A consolidated migration profile for Thailand: who arrives, who leaves, how many people are hosted or displaced, and the national context behind those numbers. Every figure below is a reported value from an official source — nothing is estimated or filled in.

CapitalBangkok
RegionEast Asia & Pacific
SubregionEast Asia & Pacific (excluding high income)
Population71,619,863
Refugees hosted 84,017 People protected here
Refugees from here — Fled abroad
Migrants living here 3,179,399 Foreign-born stock
Net migration 27,509 Net inflow
Asylum-seekers 2,880 Awaiting a decision
Reporting year 2025 Most recent data
Latest figures · 2025

Key migration numbers

The headline counts for the most recent reporting year. Refugees hosted are people this country protects; asylum-seekers are still awaiting a decision; applications are new asylum claims lodged during the year.

2025Reporting year
84,017Refugees hosted
2,880Asylum-seekers
1,254Applications (year)
Migration balance

Incoming vs outgoing

Annual estimates

Net migration is arrivals minus departures over the year. Positive means more people moved in than out. Migrant stock is the total foreign-born people living here now.

Net migration (year)27,509Net inflow
Migrants living here3,179,399Migrant stock
Missing / dead migrants
No data available
IOM Missing Migrants Project
Historical series

Statistics

Recorded migrant, refugee and asylum populations over time. Each line is one category; gaps mean a year the source did not report a figure (the line bridges the gap rather than dropping to zero).

Population profile

Sex, age, religion & more

How the population breaks down across reported dimensions, grouped by the year each figure was reported (most recent first). Bars show each group’s share of the total; where only headcounts were published, the raw number is shown instead.

Religion

Religious make-up over time

National shares

Share of the population by faith across the recorded years. Each line is a stored national value; nothing is estimated.

0% 25% 50% 75% 100% 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2020
Christian Muslim Jewish Unaffiliated Other

See the full religion timeline for this country →

Places of worship

Places of worship over time

Recorded counts

No places-of-worship counts are recorded for this country yet. See the Places of worship page for the full picture.

See the full places-of-worship timeline for this country → · browse individual places →

Displaced population by age cohort for the most recent reported year. Age is summed across sexes in the source data, so this is a single series per cohort — not a male/female split.

Displaced population by sex over the reported years, stacked so the top line reads as the total.

Sex

Female 42.0%
Male 43.5%
Unknown 14.5%

Age

0-4 8.8%
12-17 9.8%
18-59 48.6%
5-11 10.9%
60+ 7.3%
Country context

National indicators

Economy

GDP (current US$)577,009,981,112.02 USD2025
GDP per capita (current US$)8,056.56 USD2025
Unemployment (% of labour force)0.78 %2025
Personal remittances received (US$)12,050,349,980.69 USD2025
Personal remittances received (% of GDP)2.09 %2025

Population

Population, total71,619,863.00 people2025
Population density140.35 people/km22023

Migration

Net migration27,509.00 people2025
International migrant stock, total3,179,399.00 people2024
International migrant stock (% of population)4.40 %2024

Asylum decisions

Asylum decisions - recognised365.00 people2025
Asylum decisions - rejected359.00 people2025
Asylum decisions - otherwise closed233.00 people2025
Asylum decisions - total957.00 people2025

Durable solutions

Returned refugees5.00 people2021

Other

Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group)107.07 %2025
Gini index33.30 2024
Life expectancy at birth, total (years)76.56 years2024
Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (% of population)0.00 %2024
Current health expenditure (% of GDP)4.54 %2023
Context

Migration & quality of life

These charts place migration next to quality-of-life indicators over time. Correlation is not causation — a relationship here does not prove migration caused the change, or that a change caused the migration.

Economy

Gross domestic product

World Bank

GDP (current US$)

$577.01B

Reported 2025

GDP per capita (current US$)

$8,057

Reported 2025

Migrant stock as a share of the population (left axis, in percent) shown against life expectancy (right axis, in years) over the years.

Each point is one year: migrant share of population (x, in percent) versus life expectancy (y, in years).

Public safety

Recorded crime

Not migrant offending

National crime figures for context only — they describe the whole resident population and are not a measure of migrant offending.

Recorded crime by type
rate / 100k where available
CrimeRate / 100k
35.00
Public expenditure

Expenses

Migration-related public spending only — Official Development Assistance received and provided (which, for donor countries, includes in-donor refugee costs), in US dollars, stacked so the top line reads as the combined total for each year.

YearAmount (USD)Category
2023$84,968,796ODA received
2022$555,438,782ODA received
2021$133,844,971ODA received
2020$199,537,308ODA received
2019$-350,669,678ODA received
2018$-419,287,842ODA received
2017$250,222,870ODA received
2016$227,778,488ODA received
2015$58,665,554ODA received
2014$354,508,881ODA received
2013$28,794,388ODA received
2012$-131,373,261ODA received
2011$-134,118,485ODA received
2010$-20,860,001ODA received
2009$-31,034,006ODA received
2008$-615,511,719ODA received
2007$-307,226,654ODA received
2006$-214,169,998ODA received
2005$-164,583,328ODA received
2004$51,857,666ODA received
2003$-938,588,989ODA received
2002$297,804,321ODA received
2001$284,354,340ODA received
2000$700,669,189ODA received
1999$1,015,943,176ODA received
1998$699,843,140ODA received
1997$624,869,995ODA received
1996$831,440,002ODA received
1995$836,380,005ODA received
1994$577,780,029ODA received
1993$581,900,024ODA received
1992$738,645,020ODA received
1991$713,770,020ODA received
1990$793,989,990ODA received
1989$683,640,015ODA received
1988$528,229,980ODA received
1987$459,200,012ODA received
1986$451,880,005ODA received
1985$446,929,993ODA received
1984$451,209,991ODA received
1983$418,440,002ODA received
1982$383,570,007ODA received
1981$404,609,985ODA received
1980$415,980,011ODA received
1979$388,380,005ODA received
1978$255,779,999ODA received
1977$131,029,999ODA received
1976$167,789,993ODA received
1975$84,510,002ODA received
1974$70,860,001ODA received
1973$60,790,001ODA received
1972$53,650,002ODA received
1971$62,700,001ODA received
1970$73,989,998ODA received
1969$68,250,000ODA received
1968$65,070,000ODA received
1967$60,209,999ODA received
1966$44,299,999ODA received
1965$49,090,000ODA received
1964$31,850,000ODA received
1963$36,330,002ODA received
1962$37,889,999ODA received
1961$29,340,000ODA received
1960$43,779,999ODA received
Sources & notes

Figures are consolidated from the UNHCR Refugee Data Finder and the World Bank / UNODC. Only reported values are shown — blanks mean a source did not publish a figure, never a fabricated estimate. Statistics describe recorded populations and movements and should not be read as causal relationships.